sqlite 3.5.1 windows source

1 files changed, 3552 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/libraries/sqlite/win32/sqlite3.h b/libraries/sqlite/win32/sqlite3.h
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+/*
+** 2001 September 15
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
+** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
+** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
+** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
+** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
+**
+** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
+** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
+** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes 
+** to experimental interfaces but reserve to make minor changes if
+** experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
+**
+** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
+** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
+** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
+**
+** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
+** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
+** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
+** part of the build process.
+**
+** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.266 2007/10/03 20:15:28 drh Exp $
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
+#define _SQLITE3_H_
+#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
+
+/*
+** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
+*/
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Add the ability to override 'extern'
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
+# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Make sure these symbols where not defined by some previous header
+** file.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
+# undef SQLITE_VERSION
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
+# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
+#endif
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
+**
+** The version of the SQLite library is contained in the sqlite3.h
+** header file in a #define named SQLITE_VERSION.  The SQLITE_VERSION
+** macro resolves to a string constant.
+**
+** The format of the version string is "X.Y.Z", where
+** X is the major version number, Y is the minor version number and Z
+** is the release number.  The X.Y.Z might be followed by "alpha" or "beta".
+** For example "3.1.1beta".
+**
+** The X value is always 3 in SQLite.  The X value only changes when
+** backwards compatibility is broken and we intend to never break
+** backwards compatibility.  The Y value only changes when
+** there are major feature enhancements that are forwards compatible
+** but not backwards compatible.  The Z value is incremented with
+** each release but resets back to 0 when Y is incremented.
+**
+** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER is an integer with the value 
+** (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z). For example, for version "3.1.1beta", 
+** SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER is set to 3001001. To detect if they are using 
+** version 3.1.1 or greater at compile time, programs may use the test 
+** (SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER>=3001001).
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
+*/
+#define SQLITE_VERSION         "3.5.1"
+#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3005001
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
+**
+** These routines return values equivalent to the header constants
+** [SQLITE_VERSION] and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  The values returned
+** by this routines should only be different from the header values
+** if you compile your program using an sqlite3.h header from a
+** different version of SQLite that the version of the library you
+** link against.
+**
+** The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of the
+** [SQLITE_VERSION] string.  The sqlite3_libversion() function returns
+** a poiner to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function
+** is provided for DLL users who can only access functions and not
+** constants within the DLL.
+*/
+SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
+const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
+int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
+**
+** This routine returns TRUE (nonzero) if SQLite was compiled with
+** all of its mutexes enabled and is thus threadsafe.  It returns
+** zero if the particular build is for single-threaded operation
+** only.
+**
+** Really all this routine does is return true if SQLite was compiled
+** with the -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 option and false if
+** compiled with -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0.  If SQLite uses an
+** application-defined mutex subsystem, malloc subsystem, collating
+** sequence, VFS, SQL function, progress callback, commit hook,
+** extension, or other accessories and these add-ons are not
+** threadsafe, then clearly the combination will not be threadsafe
+** either.  Hence, this routine never reports that the library
+** is guaranteed to be threadsafe, only when it is guaranteed not
+** to be.
+**
+** This is an experimental API and may go away or change in future
+** releases.
+*/
+int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
+**
+** Each open SQLite database is represented by pointer to an instance of the
+** opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
+** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
+** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors
+** and [sqlite3_close()] is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces
+** (such as [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
+** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on this
+** object.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
+**
+** Some compilers do not support the "long long" datatype.  So we have
+** to do compiler-specific typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
+**
+** Many SQLite interface functions require a 64-bit integer arguments.
+** Those interfaces are declared using this typedef.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
+  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
+#else
+  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
+#endif
+typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
+typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
+
+/*
+** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
+** substitute integer for floating-point
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+# define double sqlite3_int64
+#endif
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
+**
+** Call this function with a pointer to a structure that was previously
+** returned from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
+** [sqlite3_open_v2()] and the corresponding database will by
+** closed.
+**
+** All SQL statements prepared using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
+** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] must be destroyed using [sqlite3_finalize()]
+** before this routine is called. Otherwise, SQLITE_BUSY is returned and the
+** database connection remains open.
+**
+** Passing this routine a database connection that has already been
+** closed results in undefined behavior.  If other interfaces that
+** reference the same database connection are pending (either in the
+** same thread or in different threads) when this routine is called,
+** then the behavior is undefined and is almost certainly undesirable.
+*/
+int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);
+
+/*
+** The type for a callback function.
+** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
+** compatibility and is not documented.
+*/
+typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
+**
+** This interface is used to do a one-time evaluatation of zero
+** or more SQL statements.  UTF-8 text of the SQL statements to
+** be evaluted is passed in as the second parameter.  The statements
+** are prepared one by one using [sqlite3_prepare()], evaluated
+** using [sqlite3_step()], then destroyed using [sqlite3_finalize()].
+**
+** If one or more of the SQL statements are queries, then
+** the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter is
+** invoked once for each row of the query result.  This callback
+** should normally return 0.  If the callback returns a non-zero
+** value then the query is aborted, all subsequent SQL statements
+** are skipped and the sqlite3_exec() function returns the [SQLITE_ABORT].
+**
+** The 4th parameter to this interface is an arbitrary pointer that is
+** passed through to the callback function as its first parameter.
+**
+** The 2nd parameter to the callback function is the number of
+** columns in the query result.  The 3rd parameter to the callback
+** is an array of strings holding the values for each column
+** as extracted using [sqlite3_column_text()].
+** The 4th parameter to the callback is an array of strings
+** obtained using [sqlite3_column_name()] and holding
+** the names of each column.
+**
+** The callback function may be NULL, even for queries.  A NULL
+** callback is not an error.  It just means that no callback
+** will be invoked.
+**
+** If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating the SQL (but
+** not while executing the callback) then an appropriate error
+** message is written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and
+** *errmsg is made to point to that message.  The calling function
+** is responsible for freeing the memory using [sqlite3_free()].
+** If errmsg==NULL, then no error message is ever written.
+**
+** The return value is is SQLITE_OK if there are no errors and
+** some other [SQLITE_OK | return code] if there is an error.  
+** The particular return value depends on the type of error. 
+**
+*/
+int sqlite3_exec(
+  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
+  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluted */
+  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
+  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
+  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
+** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK
+**
+** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
+** above in order to indicates success or failure.
+**
+** The result codes above are the only ones returned by SQLite in its
+** default configuration.  However, the [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()]
+** API can be used to set a database connectoin to return more detailed
+** result codes.
+**
+** See also: [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes]
+**
+*/
+#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
+/* beginning-of-error-codes */
+#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
+#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* NOT USED. Internal logic error in SQLite */
+#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
+#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
+#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
+#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
+#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
+#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
+#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
+#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
+#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
+#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* NOT USED. Table or record not found */
+#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
+#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
+#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* NOT USED. Database lock protocol error */
+#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
+#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
+#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
+#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
+#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
+#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
+#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
+#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
+#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
+#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
+#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
+#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
+#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
+/* end-of-error-codes */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
+**
+** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
+** result codes described at result-codes.  However, experience has shown that
+** many of these result codes are too course-grained.  They do not provide as
+** much information about problems as users might like.  In an effort to
+** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
+** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
+** about errors.  The extended result codes are enabled (or disabled) for 
+** each database
+** connection using the [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.
+** 
+** Some of the available extended result codes are listed above.
+** We expect the number of extended result codes will be expand
+** over time.  Software that uses extended result codes should expect
+** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
+** 
+** The symbolic name for an extended result code always contains a related
+** primary result code as a prefix.  Primary result codes contain a single
+** "_" character.  Extended result codes contain two or more "_" characters.
+** The numeric value of an extended result code can be converted to its
+** corresponding primary result code by masking off the lower 8 bytes.
+**
+** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
+** be exactly zero.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ          (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ    (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE      (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT         (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK        (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK        (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE        (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED       (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM         (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
+**
+** Combination of the following bit values are used as the
+** third argument to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
+** as fourth argument to the xOpen method of the
+** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+**
+*/
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
+**
+** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
+** object returns an integer which is a vector of the following
+** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
+** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
+** refers to.
+**
+** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
+** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
+** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
+** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
+** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
+** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
+** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
+** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
+** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
+** to xWrite().
+*/
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC          0x00000001
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512       0x00000002
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K        0x00000004
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K        0x00000008
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K        0x00000010
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K        0x00000020
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
+**
+** SQLite uses one of the following integer values as the second
+** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
+** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
+**
+** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an [sqlite3_io_methods]
+** object it uses a combination of the following integer values as
+** the second argument.
+**
+** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
+** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
+** information need not be flushed.  The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL means 
+** to use normal fsync() semantics.  The SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flag means 
+** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
+*/
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
+**
+** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
+** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
+** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
+** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
+** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
+** I/O operations on the open file.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
+struct sqlite3_file {
+  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
+**
+** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method contains a pointer to
+** an instance of the this object.  This object defines the
+** methods used to perform various operations against the open file.
+**
+** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
+** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
+*  The second choice is an
+** OS-X style fullsync.  The SQLITE_SYNC_DATA flag may be ORed in to
+** indicate that only the data of the file and not its inode needs to be
+** synced.
+** 
+** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
+** </ul>
+** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.  
+** The xCheckReservedLock() method looks
+** to see if any database connection, either in this
+** process or in some other process, is holding an RESERVED,
+** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
+** if such a lock exists and false if not.
+** 
+** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
+** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
+** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument
+** is an integer opcode.   The third
+** argument is a generic pointer which is intended to be a pointer
+** to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
+** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
+** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
+** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
+** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
+** core reserves opcodes less than 100 for its own use. 
+** A [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
+** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes 
+** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.
+**
+** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
+** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
+** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
+** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
+** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
+** underlying device:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
+** </ul>
+**
+** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
+** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
+** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
+** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
+** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
+** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
+** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
+** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
+** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
+** to xWrite().
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
+struct sqlite3_io_methods {
+  int iVersion;
+  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
+  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
+  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
+  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
+  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
+  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
+  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
+  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
+**
+** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
+** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and to the [sqlite3_file_control()]
+** interface.
+**
+** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
+** opcode cases the xFileControl method to write the current state of
+** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
+** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
+** into an integer that the pArg argument points to.  This capability
+** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
+** is defined.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
+**
+** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
+** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
+** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
+** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
+**
+** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
+**
+** An instance of this object defines the interface between the
+** SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
+** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
+**
+** The iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger for future
+** versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
+** object when the iVersion value is increased.
+**
+** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
+** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
+** a pathname in this VFS.
+**
+** Registered vfs modules are kept on a linked list formed by
+** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
+** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
+** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
+** searches the list.
+**
+** The pNext field is the only fields in the sqlite3_vfs 
+** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
+** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
+** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
+** object once the object has been registered.
+**
+** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
+** be unique across all VFS modules.
+**
+** SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename string passed to
+** xOpen() is a full pathname as generated by xFullPathname() and
+** that the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
+** called.  So the [sqlite3_file] can store a pointer to the
+** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
+**
+** The flags argument to xOpen() is a copy of the flags argument
+** to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  If [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open16()]
+** is used, then flags is [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
+** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
+** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be
+** set.
+** 
+** SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
+** call, depending on the object being opened:
+** 
+** <ul>
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
+** </ul>
+**
+** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
+** changes the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
+** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback, might make
+** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal are
+** also a no-op.  Any attempt to read the journal return SQLITE_IOERR.
+** Or the implementation might recognize the a database file will
+** be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random order
+** and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
+** 
+** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen
+** method:
+** 
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
+** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
+** </ul>
+** 
+** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
+** deleted when it is closed.  This will always be set for TEMP 
+** databases and journals and for subjournals.  The 
+** [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
+** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
+** for the main database file.
+** 
+** Space to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third 
+** argument to xOpen is allocated by caller (the SQLite core). 
+** szOsFile bytes are allocated for this object.  The xOpen method
+** fills in the allocated space.
+** 
+** The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS] 
+** to test for the existance of a file,
+** or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to test to see
+** if a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
+** to test to see if a file is at least readable.  The file can be a 
+** directory.
+** 
+** SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 byte for
+** the output buffers for xGetTempname and xFullPathname. The exact
+** size of the output buffer is also passed as a parameter to both 
+** methods. If the output buffer is not large enough, SQLITE_CANTOPEN
+** should be returned. As this is handled as a fatal error by SQLite,
+** vfs implementations should endevour to prevent this by setting 
+** mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
+** 
+** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
+** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
+** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
+** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
+** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
+** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.  The
+** xSleep() method cause the calling thread to sleep for at
+** least the number of microseconds given.  The xCurrentTime()
+** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and
+** time.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
+struct sqlite3_vfs {
+  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number */
+  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
+  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
+  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
+  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
+  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
+  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
+               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
+  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
+  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags);
+  int (*xGetTempname)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nOut, char *zOut);
+  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
+  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
+  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
+  void *(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol);
+  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
+  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
+  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
+  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
+  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
+  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
+**
+** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
+** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
+** the kind of what kind of permissions the xAccess method is
+** looking for.  With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
+** simply checks to see if the file exists.  With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE,
+** the xAccess method checks to see if the file is both readable
+** and writable.  With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ the xAccess method
+** checks to see if the file is readable.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
+**
+** This routine enables or disables the
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes] feature.
+** By default, SQLite API routines return one of only 26 integer
+** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  When extended result codes
+** are enabled by this routine, the repetoire of result codes can be
+** much larger and can (hopefully) provide more detailed information
+** about the cause of an error.
+**
+** The second argument is a boolean value that turns extended result
+** codes on and off.  Extended result codes are off by default for
+** backwards compatibility with older versions of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
+**
+** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed integer key
+** called the "rowid". The rowid is always available as an undeclared
+** column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_.  If the table has a column of
+** type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column is another an alias for the
+** rowid.
+**
+** This routine returns the rowid of the most recent INSERT into
+** the database from the database connection given in the first 
+** argument.  If no inserts have ever occurred on this database
+** connection, zero is returned.
+**
+** If an INSERT occurs within a trigger, then the rowid of the
+** inserted row is returned by this routine as long as the trigger
+** is running.  But once the trigger terminates, the value returned
+** by this routine reverts to the last value inserted before the
+** trigger fired.
+**
+** If another thread does a new insert on the same database connection
+** while this routine is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
+** then the return value of this routine is undefined.
+*/
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
+**
+** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
+** (or inserted or deleted) by the most recent SQL statement.  Only
+** changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE, or
+** DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
+** triggers are not counted.  Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function
+** to find the total number of changes including changes caused by triggers.
+**
+** Within the body of a trigger, the sqlite3_changes() interface can be
+** called to find the number of
+** changes in the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
+** statement within the body of the trigger.
+**
+** All changes are counted, even if they were later undone by a
+** ROLLBACK or ABORT.  Except, changes associated with creating and
+** dropping tables are not counted.
+**
+** If a callback invokes [sqlite3_exec()] or [sqlite3_step()] recursively,
+** then the changes in the inner, recursive call are counted together
+** with the changes in the outer call.
+**
+** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without a WHERE clause
+** by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much faster than going
+** through and deleting individual elements from the table.)  Because of
+** this optimization, the change count for "DELETE FROM table" will be
+** zero regardless of the number of elements that were originally in the
+** table. To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
+** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
+**
+** If another thread makes changes on the same database connection
+** while this routine is running then the return value of this routine
+** is undefined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
+***
+** This function returns the number of database rows that have been
+** modified by INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statements since the database handle
+** was opened. This includes UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE statements executed
+** as part of trigger programs. All changes are counted as soon as the
+** statement that makes them is completed (when the statement handle is
+** passed to [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]).
+**
+** See also the [sqlite3_change()] interface.
+**
+** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without a WHERE clause
+** by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much faster than going
+** through and deleting individual elements form the table.)  Because of
+** this optimization, the change count for "DELETE FROM table" will be
+** zero regardless of the number of elements that were originally in the
+** table. To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
+** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
+**
+** If another thread makes changes on the same database connection
+** while this routine is running then the return value of this routine
+** is undefined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
+**
+** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
+** return at its earliest opportunity.  This routine is typically
+** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
+** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
+** immediately.
+**
+** It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
+** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
+** is not safe to call this routine with a database connection that
+** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
+**
+** The SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
+** If an interrupted operation was an update that is inside an
+** explicit transaction, then the entire transaction will be rolled
+** back automatically.
+*/
+void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
+**
+** These functions return true if the given input string comprises
+** one or more complete SQL statements. For the sqlite3_complete() call,
+** the parameter must be a nul-terminated UTF-8 string. For
+** sqlite3_complete16(), a nul-terminated machine byte order UTF-16 string
+** is required.
+**
+** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
+** currently entered text forms one or more complete SQL statements or
+** if additional input is needed before sending the statements into
+** SQLite for parsing. The algorithm is simple.  If the 
+** last token other than spaces and comments is a semicolon, then return 
+** true.  Actually, the algorithm is a little more complicated than that
+** in order to deal with triggers, but the basic idea is the same:  the
+** statement is not complete unless it ends in a semicolon.
+*/
+int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
+int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
+**
+** This routine identifies a callback function that might be invoked
+** whenever an attempt is made to open a database table 
+** that another thread or process has locked.
+** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
+** (or sometimes [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED])
+** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.
+** If the busy callback is not NULL, then the
+** callback will be invoked with two arguments.  The
+** first argument to the handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
+** is the third argument to this routine.  The second argument to
+** the handler is the number of times that the busy handler has
+** been invoked for this locking event. If the
+** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
+** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] is returned.
+** If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt is made to open the
+** database for reading and the cycle repeats.
+**
+** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that
+** it will be invoked when there is lock contention.
+** If SQLite determines that invoking the busy handler could result in
+** a deadlock, it will return [SQLITE_BUSY] instead.
+** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
+** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
+** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
+** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
+** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
+** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
+** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
+** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
+** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
+** the second process to proceed.
+**
+** The default busy callback is NULL.
+**
+** The [SQLITE_BUSY] error is converted to [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] when
+** SQLite is in the middle of a large transaction where all the
+** changes will not fit into the in-memory cache.  SQLite will
+** already hold a RESERVED lock on the database file, but it needs
+** to promote this lock to EXCLUSIVE so that it can spill cache
+** pages into the database file without harm to concurrent
+** readers.  If it is unable to promote the lock, then the in-memory
+** cache will be left in an inconsistent state and so the error
+** code is promoted from the relatively benign [SQLITE_BUSY] to
+** the more severe [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].  This error code promotion
+** forces an automatic rollback of the changes. See the
+** <a href="http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/wiki?p=CorruptionFollowingBusyError">
+** CorruptionFollowingBusyError</a> wiki page for a discussion of why
+** this is important.
+**      
+** Sqlite is re-entrant, so the busy handler may start a new query. 
+** (It is not clear why anyone would every want to do this, but it
+** is allowed, in theory.)  But the busy handler may not close the
+** database.  Closing the database from a busy handler will delete 
+** data structures out from under the executing query and will 
+** probably result in a segmentation fault or other runtime error.
+**
+** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each database
+** connection.  Setting a new busy handler clears any previous one.
+** Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] will also set or clear
+** the busy handler.
+**
+** When operating in [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache | shared cache mode],
+** only a single busy handler can be defined for each database file.
+** So if two database connections share a single cache, then changing
+** the busy handler on one connection will also change the busy
+** handler in the other connection.  The busy handler is invoked
+** in the thread that was running when the SQLITE_BUSY was hit.
+*/
+int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
+**
+** This routine sets a busy handler that sleeps for a while when a
+** table is locked.  The handler will sleep multiple times until 
+** at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping have been done.  After
+** "ms" milliseconds of sleeping, the handler returns 0 which
+** causes [sqlite3_step()] to return [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
+**
+** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
+** turns off all busy handlers.
+**
+** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular database
+** connection.  If another busy handler was defined  
+** (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
+** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
+*/
+int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
+**
+** This next routine is a convenience wrapper around [sqlite3_exec()].
+** Instead of invoking a user-supplied callback for each row of the
+** result, this routine remembers each row of the result in memory
+** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()], then returns all of the result after the
+** query has finished. 
+**
+** As an example, suppose the query result where this table:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**        Name        | Age
+**        -----------------------
+**        Alice       | 43
+**        Bob         | 28
+**        Cindy       | 21
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** If the 3rd argument were &azResult then after the function returns
+** azResult will contain the following data:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
+**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
+**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
+**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
+**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
+**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
+**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
+**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** Notice that there is an extra row of data containing the column
+** headers.  But the *nrow return value is still 3.  *ncolumn is
+** set to 2.  In general, the number of values inserted into azResult
+** will be ((*nrow) + 1)*(*ncolumn).
+**
+** After the calling function has finished using the result, it should 
+** pass the result data pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to 
+** release the memory that was malloc-ed.  Because of the way the 
+** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens, the calling function must not try to call 
+** [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release 
+** the memory properly and safely.
+**
+** The return value of this routine is the same as from [sqlite3_exec()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_get_table(
+  sqlite3*,              /* An open database */
+  const char *sql,       /* SQL to be executed */
+  char ***resultp,       /* Result written to a char *[]  that this points to */
+  int *nrow,             /* Number of result rows written here */
+  int *ncolumn,          /* Number of result columns written here */
+  char **errmsg          /* Error msg written here */
+);
+void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
+**
+** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
+** from the standard C library.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
+** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
+** The strings returned by these two routines should be
+** released by [sqlite3_free()].  Both routines return a
+** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
+** memory to hold the resulting string.
+**
+** In sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
+** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
+** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
+** the first parameter.  Note that the order of the
+** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().  This is an
+** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
+** backwards compatibility.  Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
+** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
+** characters actually written into the buffer.  We admit that
+** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
+** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
+** now without breaking compatibility.
+**
+** As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
+** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  The first
+** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
+** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
+** written will be n-1 characters.
+**
+** These routines all implement some additional formatting
+** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
+** All of the usual printf formatting options apply.  In addition, there
+** is are "%q", "%Q", and "%z" options.
+**
+** The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a null-terminated
+** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
+** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.  By doubling each '\''
+** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
+** the string.
+**
+** For example, so some string variable contains text as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
+**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
+**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
+** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
+** would have looked like this:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you
+** should always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string 
+** literal.
+**
+** The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
+** the outside of the total string.  Or if the parameter in the argument
+** list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without single
+** quotes) in place of the %Q option.  So, for example, one could say:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
+**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
+**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
+** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
+**
+** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
+** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
+** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.
+*/
+char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
+char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
+char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
+**
+** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
+** internal memory allocation needs. (See the exception below.)
+** The default implementation
+** of the memory allocation subsystem uses the malloc(), realloc()
+** and free() provided by the standard C library.  However, if 
+** SQLite is compiled with the following C preprocessor macro
+**
+** <blockquote> SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION </blockquote>
+**
+** then no implementation is provided for these routines by
+** SQLite.  The application that links against SQLite is
+** expected to provide its own implementation.  If the application
+** does provide its own implementation for these routines, then
+** it must also provide an implementations for
+** [sqlite3_memory_alarm()], [sqlite3_memory_used()], and
+** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()].  The alternative implementations
+** for these last three routines need not actually work, but
+** stub functions at least are needed to statisfy the linker.
+** SQLite never calls [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] itself, but
+** the symbol is included in a table as part of the
+** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface.  The
+** [sqlite3_memory_alarm()] and [sqlite3_memory_used()] interfaces
+** are called by [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()] and working implementations
+** of both routines must be provided if [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()]
+** is to operate correctly.
+**
+** <b>Exception:</b> The windows OS interface layer calls
+** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
+** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
+** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular windows
+** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
+** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
+** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
+*/
+void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
+void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
+void sqlite3_free(void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
+**
+** In addition to the basic three allocation routines 
+** [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()],
+** the memory allocation subsystem included with the SQLite
+** sources provides the interfaces shown below.
+**
+** The first of these two routines returns the amount of memory 
+** currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).  The second
+** returns the largest instantaneous amount of outstanding
+** memory.  The highwater mark is reset if the argument is
+** true.
+**
+** The implementation of these routines in the SQLite core
+** is omitted if the application is compiled with the
+** SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION macro defined.  In that case,
+** the application that links SQLite must provide its own
+** alternative implementation.  See the documentation on
+** [sqlite3_malloc()] for additional information.
+*/
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Alarms
+**
+** The [sqlite3_memory_alarm] routine is used to register
+** a callback on memory allocation events.
+**
+** This routine registers or clears a callbacks that fires when
+** the amount of memory allocated exceeds iThreshold.  Only
+** a single callback can be registered at a time.  Each call
+** to [sqlite3_memory_alarm()] overwrites the previous callback.
+** The callback is disabled by setting xCallback to a NULL
+** pointer.
+** 
+** The parameters to the callback are the pArg value, the 
+** amount of memory currently in use, and the size of the
+** allocation that provoked the callback.  The callback will
+** presumably invoke [sqlite3_free()] to free up memory space.
+** The callback may invoke [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()]
+** but if it does, no additional callbacks will be invoked by
+** the recursive calls.
+**
+** The [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()] interface works by registering
+** a memory alarm at the soft heap limit and invoking 
+** [sqlite3_release_memory()] in the alarm callback.  Application
+** programs should not attempt to use the [sqlite3_memory_alarm()]
+** interface because doing so will interfere with the
+** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()] module.  This interface is exposed
+** only so that applications can provide their own
+** alternative implementation when the SQLite core is
+** compiled with SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION.
+*/
+int sqlite3_memory_alarm(
+  void(*xCallback)(void *pArg, sqlite3_int64 used, int N),
+  void *pArg,
+  sqlite3_int64 iThreshold
+);
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
+***
+** This routine registers a authorizer callback with the SQLite library.  
+** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
+** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
+** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
+** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
+** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
+** see if those actions are allowed.  The authorizer callback should
+** return SQLITE_OK to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
+** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
+** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
+** rejected with an error.  
+**
+** Depending on the action, the [SQLITE_IGNORE] and [SQLITE_DENY] return
+** codes might mean something different or they might mean the same
+** thing.  If the action is, for example, to perform a delete opertion,
+** then [SQLITE_IGNORE] and [SQLITE_DENY] both cause the statement compilation
+** to fail with an error.  But if the action is to read a specific column
+** from a specific table, then [SQLITE_DENY] will cause the entire
+** statement to fail but [SQLITE_IGNORE] will cause a NULL value to be
+** read instead of the actual column value.
+**
+** The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
+** the third parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface.
+** The second parameter to the callback is an integer 
+** [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
+** to be authorized.  The available action codes are
+** [SQLITE_COPY | documented separately].  The third through sixth
+** parameters to the callback are strings that contain additional
+** details about the action to be authorized.
+**
+** An authorizer is used when preparing SQL statements from an untrusted
+** source, to ensure that the SQL statements do not try to access data
+** that they are not allowed to see, or that they do not try to
+** execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
+** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
+** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
+** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
+** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
+** user-entered SQL is being prepared that disallows everything
+** except SELECT statements.  
+**
+** Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
+** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
+** previous call.  A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
+** callback is invoked.  The default authorizer is NULL.
+**
+** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during 
+** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
+** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
+  sqlite3*,
+  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
+  void *pUserData
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
+**
+** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
+** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
+** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
+** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
+** information.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
+#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
+**
+** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
+** that is invoked to authorizer certain SQL statement actions.  The
+** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
+** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
+** the authorizer callback may be passed.
+**
+** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be 
+** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization callback
+** function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
+** codes is used as the second parameter.  The 5th parameter to the
+** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp", 
+** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
+** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
+** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from 
+** top-level SQL code.
+*/
+/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
+#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* NULL            NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
+**
+** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
+** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
+** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked
+** at the first [sqlite3_step()] for the evaluation of an SQL statement.
+** The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
+** as each SQL statement finishes and includes
+** information on how long that statement ran.
+**
+** The sqlite3_profile() API is currently considered experimental and
+** is subject to change.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
+void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
+   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
+**
+** This routine configures a callback function - the progress callback - that
+** is invoked periodically during long running calls to [sqlite3_exec()],
+** [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()].  An example use for this 
+** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
+**
+** The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual machine opcodes,
+** where N is the second argument to this function. The progress callback
+** itself is identified by the third argument to this function. The fourth
+** argument to this function is a void pointer passed to the progress callback
+** function each time it is invoked.
+**
+** If a call to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()], or [sqlite3_get_table()]
+** results in fewer than N opcodes being executed, then the progress 
+** callback is never invoked.
+** 
+** Only a single progress callback function may be registered for each
+** open database connection.  Every call to sqlite3_progress_handler()
+** overwrites the results of the previous call.
+** To remove the progress callback altogether, pass NULL as the third
+** argument to this function.
+**
+** If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then the current 
+** query is immediately terminated and any database changes rolled back.
+** The containing [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()], or
+** [sqlite3_get_table()] call returns SQLITE_INTERRUPT.   This feature
+** can be used, for example, to implement the "Cancel" button on a
+** progress dialog box in a GUI.
+*/
+void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
+**
+** Open the sqlite database file "filename".  The "filename" is UTF-8
+** encoded for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and UTF-16 encoded
+** in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
+** An [sqlite3*] handle is returned in *ppDb, even
+** if an error occurs. If the database is opened (or created) successfully,
+** then [SQLITE_OK] is returned. Otherwise an error code is returned. The
+** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()]  routines can be used to obtain
+** an English language description of the error.
+**
+** The default encoding for the database will be UTF-8 if
+** [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is called and
+** UTF-16 if [sqlite3_open16()] is used.
+**
+** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources associated
+** with the [sqlite3*] handle should be released by passing it to
+** [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
+**
+** The [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface works like [sqlite3_open()] except that
+** provides two additional parameters for additional control over the
+** new database connection.  The flags parameter can be one of:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]
+** </ol>
+**
+** The first value opens the database read-only.  If the database does
+** not previously exist, an error is returned.  The second option opens
+** the database for reading and writing if possible, or reading only if
+** if the file is write protected.  In either case the database must already
+** exist or an error is returned.  The third option opens the database
+** for reading and writing and creates it if it does not already exist.
+** The third options is behavior that is always used for [sqlite3_open()]
+** and [sqlite3_open16()].
+**
+** If the filename is ":memory:", then an private
+** in-memory database is created for the connection.  This in-memory
+** database will vanish when the database connection is closed.  Future
+** version of SQLite might make use of additional special filenames
+** that begin with the ":" character.  It is recommended that 
+** when a database filename really does begin with
+** ":" that you prefix the filename with a pathname like "./" to
+** avoid ambiguity.
+**
+** If the filename is an empty string, then a private temporary
+** on-disk database will be created.  This private database will be
+** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
+**
+** The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
+** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system 
+** interface that the new database connection should use.  If the
+** fourth parameter is a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs]
+** object is used.
+**
+** <b>Note to windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
+** of [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] must be UTF-8, not whatever
+** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
+** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
+** [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_open(
+  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+);
+int sqlite3_open16(
+  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+);
+int sqlite3_open_v2(
+  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+  int flags,              /* Flags */
+  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
+**
+** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric
+** [SQLITE_OK | result code] or [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result code]
+** for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call associated
+** with [sqlite3] handle 'db'.  If a prior API call failed but the
+** most recent API call succeeded, the return value from sqlite3_errcode()
+** is undefined. 
+**
+** The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
+** text that describes the error, as either UTF8 or UTF16 respectively.
+** Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.  The 
+** string may be overwritten or deallocated by subsequent calls to SQLite
+** interface functions.
+**
+** Calls to many sqlite3_* functions set the error code and string returned
+** by [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
+** (overwriting the previous values). Note that calls to [sqlite3_errcode()],
+** [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()] themselves do not affect the
+** results of future invocations.  Calls to API routines that do not return
+** an error code (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
+** change the error code returned by this routine.  Interfaces that are
+** not associated with a specific database connection (examples:
+** [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()] do not change
+** the return code.  
+**
+** Assuming no other intervening sqlite3_* API calls are made, the error
+** code returned by this function is associated with the same error as
+** the strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
+const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
+const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object
+**
+** Instance of this object represent single SQL statements.  This
+** is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a 
+** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
+** 
+** The life of a statement object goes something like this:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li> Create the object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or a related
+**      function.
+** <li> Bind values to host parameters using
+**      [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_* interfaces].
+** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
+** <li> Reset the statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
+**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
+** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
+** </ol>
+**
+** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
+** information.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
+**
+** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
+** program using one of these routines. 
+**
+** The first argument "db" is an [sqlite3 | SQLite database handle] 
+** obtained from a prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()]
+** or [sqlite3_open16()].
+** The second argument "zSql" is the statement to be compiled, encoded
+** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
+** interfaces uses UTF-8 and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
+** use UTF-16.
+**
+** If the nByte argument is less
+** than zero, then zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.  If
+** nByte is non-negative, then it is the maximum number of 
+** bytes read from zSql.  When nByte is non-negative, the
+** zSql string ends at either the first '\000' character or 
+** until the nByte-th byte, whichever comes first.
+**
+** *pzTail is made to point to the first byte past the end of the first
+** SQL statement in zSql.  This routine only compiles the first statement
+** in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to what remains uncompiled.
+**
+** *ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | SQL statement structure] that can be
+** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  Or if there is an error, *ppStmt may be
+** set to NULL.  If the input text contained no SQL (if the input is and
+** empty string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.  The calling
+** procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled SQL statement
+** using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
+**
+** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | error code] is returned.
+**
+** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
+** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
+** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
+** In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
+** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the 
+** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
+** behave a differently in two ways:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li>
+** If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
+** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
+** statement and try to run it again.  If the schema has changed in a way
+** that makes the statement no longer valid, [sqlite3_step()] will still
+** return [SQLITE_SCHEMA].  But unlike the legacy behavior, [SQLITE_SCHEMA] is
+** now a fatal error.  Calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] again will not make the
+** error go away.  Note: use [sqlite3_errmsg()] to find the text of the parsing
+** error that results in an [SQLITE_SCHEMA] return.
+** </li>
+**
+** <li>
+** When an error occurs, 
+** [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | result codes] or
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes] such as directly.
+** The legacy behavior was that [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] result code and you would have to make a second call to
+** [sqlite3_reset()] in order to find the underlying cause of the problem.
+** With the "v2" prepare interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is
+** returned immediately.
+** </li>
+** </ol>
+*/
+int sqlite3_prepare(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare16(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Dynamically Typed Value Object
+**
+** SQLite uses dynamic typing for the values it stores.  Values can 
+** be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.  When
+** passing around values internally, each value is represented as
+** an instance of the sqlite3_value object.
+*/
+typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  SQL Function Context Object
+**
+** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
+** sqlite3_context object.  A pointer to such an object is the
+** first parameter to user-defined SQL functions.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Binding Values To Prepared Statements
+**
+** In the SQL strings input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
+** one or more literals can be replace by a parameter in one of these
+** forms:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>  ?
+** <li>  ?NNN
+** <li>  :AAA
+** <li>  @AAA
+** <li>  $VVV
+** </ul>
+**
+** In the parameter forms shown above NNN is an integer literal,
+** AAA is an alphanumeric identifier and VVV is a variable name according
+** to the syntax rules of the TCL programming language.
+** The values of these parameters (also called "host parameter names")
+** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
+**
+** The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines always is a pointer
+** to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
+** its variants.  The second
+** argument is the index of the parameter to be set.  The first parameter has
+** an index of 1. When the same named parameter is used more than once, second
+** and subsequent
+** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.  The index for
+** named parameters can be looked up using the
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()] API if desired.  The index for "?NNN"
+** parametes is the value of NNN.
+** The NNN value must be between 1 and the compile-time
+** parameter SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER (default value: 999).
+** See <a href="limits.html">limits.html</a> for additional information.
+**
+** The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
+**
+** In those
+** routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the number of bytes
+** in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the number of bytes in the
+** string, not the number of characters.  The number
+** of bytes does not include the zero-terminator at the end of strings.
+** If the fourth parameter is negative, the length of the string is
+** number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
+**
+** The fifth argument to sqlite3_bind_blob(), sqlite3_bind_text(), and
+** sqlite3_bind_text16() is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
+** text after SQLite has finished with it.  If the fifth argument is the
+** special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then the library assumes that the information
+** is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.  If the
+** fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then SQLite makes its
+** own private copy of the data immediately, before the sqlite3_bind_*()
+** routine returns.
+**
+** The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length n that
+** is filled with zeros.  A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
+** (just an integer to hold it size) while it is being processed.
+** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as place-holders for BLOBs whose
+** content is later written using 
+** [sqlite3_blob_open | increment BLOB I/O] routines.  A negative
+** value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
+**
+** The sqlite3_bind_*() routines must be called after
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] (and its variants) or [sqlite3_reset()] and
+** before [sqlite3_step()].
+** Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
+** Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
+**
+** These routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an error code if
+** anything goes wrong.  [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
+** index is out of range.  [SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc fails.
+** [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned if these routines are called on a virtual
+** machine that is the wrong state or which has already been finalized.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
+int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
+int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
+int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, int n, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Number Of Host Parameters
+**
+** Return the largest host parameter index in the precompiled statement given
+** as the argument.  When the host parameters are of the forms like ":AAA"
+** or "?", then they are assigned sequential increasing numbers beginning
+** with one, so the value returned is the number of parameters.  However
+** if the same host parameter name is used multiple times, each occurrance
+** is given the same number, so the value returned in that case is the number
+** of unique host parameter names.  If host parameters of the form "?NNN"
+** are used (where NNN is an integer) then there might be gaps in the
+** numbering and the value returned by this interface is the index of the
+** host parameter with the largest index value.
+**
+** The prepared statement must not be [sqlite3_finalize | finalized]
+** prior to this routine returnning.  Otherwise the results are undefined
+** and probably undesirable.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
+**
+** This routine returns a pointer to the name of the n-th parameter in a 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement].
+** Host parameters of the form ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$VVV" have a name
+** which is the string ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$VVV".  
+** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@"
+** is included as part of the name.
+** Parameters of the form "?" or "?NNN" have no name.
+**
+** The first bound parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
+**
+** If the value n is out of range or if the n-th parameter is nameless,
+** then NULL is returned.  The returned string is always in the
+** UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was originally specified
+** as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
+**
+** This routine returns the index of a host parameter with the given name.
+** The name must match exactly.  If no parameter with the given name is 
+** found, return 0.  Parameter names must be UTF8.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
+**
+** Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not
+** reset the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement].  Use this routine to
+** reset all host parameters to NULL.
+*/
+int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
+**
+** Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | compiled SQL statement]. This routine returns 0
+** if pStmt is an SQL statement that does not return data (for 
+** example an UPDATE).
+*/
+int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
+**
+** These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
+** in the result set of a SELECT statement.  The sqlite3_column_name()
+** interface returns a pointer to a UTF8 string and sqlite3_column_name16()
+** returns a pointer to a UTF16 string.  The first parameter is the
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] that implements the SELECT statement.
+** The second parameter is the column number.  The left-most column is
+** number 0.
+**
+** The returned string pointer is valid until either the 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()]
+** or until the next call sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16()
+** on the same column.
+**
+** If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
+** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
+** NULL pointer is returned.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
+const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
+**
+** These routines provide a means to determine what column of what
+** table in which database a result of a SELECT statement comes from.
+** The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
+** either a UTF8 or UTF16 string.  The _database_ routines return
+** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
+** the origin_ routines return the column name.
+** The returned string is valid until
+** the [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] is destroyed using
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the same information is requested
+** again in a different encoding.
+**
+** The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
+** database, table, and column.
+**
+** The first argument to the following calls is a 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | compiled SQL statement].
+** These functions return information about the Nth column returned by 
+** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
+**
+** If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression
+** or subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions
+** return NULL. Otherwise, they return the 
+** name of the attached database, table and column that query result
+** column was extracted from.
+**
+** As with all other SQLite APIs, those postfixed with "16" return UTF-16
+** encoded strings, the other functions return UTF-8.
+**
+** These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the 
+** SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA preprocessor symbol defined.
+**
+** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
+** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
+** undefined.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
+**
+** The first parameter is a [sqlite3_stmt | compiled SQL statement]. 
+** If this statement is a SELECT statement and the Nth column of the 
+** returned result set  of that SELECT is a table column (not an
+** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
+** column is returned. If the Nth column of the result set is an
+** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
+** The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded. For example, in
+** the database schema:
+**
+** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
+**
+** And the following statement compiled:
+**
+** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
+**
+** Then this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second
+** result column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column
+** (i==0).
+**
+** SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  So just because a column
+** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
+** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
+** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  Type
+** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
+** used to hold those values.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt *, int i);
+const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+
+/* 
+** CAPI3REF:  Evaluate An SQL Statement
+**
+** After an [sqlite3_stmt | SQL statement] has been prepared with a call
+** to either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or to one of
+** the legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()],
+** then this function must be called one or more times to evaluate the 
+** statement.
+**
+** The details of the behavior of this sqlite3_step() interface depend
+** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
+** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
+** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
+** interface will continue to be supported.
+**
+** In the lagacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY], 
+** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
+** With the "v2" interface, any of the other [SQLITE_OK | result code]
+** or [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result code] might be returned as
+** well.
+**
+** [SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
+** database locks it needs to do its job.  If the statement is a COMMIT
+** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
+** statement.  If the statement is not a COMMIT and occurs within a
+** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
+** continuing.
+**
+** [SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
+** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
+** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
+** machine back to its initial state.
+**
+** If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then 
+** [SQLITE_ROW] is returned each time a new row of data is ready
+** for processing by the caller. The values may be accessed using
+** the [sqlite3_column_int | column access functions].
+** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
+** 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
+** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
+** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
+** With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (example:
+** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
+** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement].  In the "v2" interface,
+** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
+**
+** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
+** Perhaps it was called on a [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] that has
+** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had 
+** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
+** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
+** more threads at the same moment in time.
+**
+** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b>
+** In the legacy interface, 
+** the sqlite3_step() API always returns a generic error code,
+** [SQLITE_ERROR], following any error other than [SQLITE_BUSY]
+** and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the specific
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | result codes] that better describes the error.
+** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
+** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
+** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
+** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()], then the 
+** more specific [SQLITE_ERROR | result codes] are returned directly
+** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
+*/
+int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:
+**
+** Return the number of values in the current row of the result set.
+**
+** After a call to [sqlite3_step()] that returns [SQLITE_ROW], this routine
+** will return the same value as the [sqlite3_column_count()] function.
+** After [sqlite3_step()] has returned an [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_BUSY], or
+** a [SQLITE_ERROR | error code], or before [sqlite3_step()] has been 
+** called on the [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] for the first time,
+** this routine returns zero.
+*/
+int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
+**
+** Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li> 64-bit signed integer
+** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
+** <li> string
+** <li> BLOB
+** <li> NULL
+** </ul>
+**
+** These constants are codes for each of those types.
+**
+** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
+** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
+** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT not
+** SQLITE_TEXT.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
+#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
+#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
+#define SQLITE_NULL     5
+#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
+# undef SQLITE_TEXT
+#else
+# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
+#endif
+#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Results Values From A Query
+**
+** These routines return information about
+** a single column of the current result row of a query.  In every
+** case the first argument is a pointer to the 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | SQL statement] that is being
+** evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*] that was returned from 
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants) and
+** the second argument is the index of the column for which information 
+** should be returned.  The left-most column of the result set
+** has an index of 0.
+**
+** If the SQL statement is not currently point to a valid row, or if the
+** the column index is out of range, the result is undefined. 
+** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
+** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
+** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] has been call subsequently.
+** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
+** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
+** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
+** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
+** are pending, then the results are undefined.  
+**
+** The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns 
+** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
+** of the result column.  The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
+** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
+** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
+** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
+** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
+** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
+** following a type conversion.
+**
+** If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes() 
+** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
+** If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
+** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
+** If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
+** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
+** the number of bytes in that string.
+** The value returned does not include the zero terminator at the end
+** of the string.  For clarity: the value returned is the number of
+** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
+**
+** Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
+** even zero-length strings, are always zero terminated.  The return
+** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length blob is an arbitrary
+** pointer, possibly even a NULL pointer.
+**
+** The sqlite3_column_bytes16() routine is similar to sqlite3_column_bytes()
+** but leaves the result in UTF-16 instead of UTF-8.  
+** The zero terminator is not included in this count.
+**
+** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  For
+** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
+** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to do the conversion
+** automatically.  The following table details the conversions that
+** are applied:
+**
+** <blockquote>
+** <table border="1">
+** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
+**
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is NULL pointer
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is NULL pointer
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as for INTEGER->TEXT
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert from float to integer
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as FLOAT->TEXT
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> Use atoi()
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Use atof()
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert to TEXT then use atoi()
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert to TEXT then use atof()
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
+** </table>
+** </blockquote>
+**
+** The table above makes reference to standard C library functions atoi()
+** and atof().  SQLite does not really use these functions.  It has its
+** on equavalent internal routines.  The atoi() and atof() names are
+** used in the table for brevity and because they are familiar to most
+** C programmers.
+**
+** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
+** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
+** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated. 
+** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
+** in the following cases:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li><p>  The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() 
+**          or sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
+**          need to be added to the string.</p></li>
+**
+** <li><p>  The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
+**          sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
+**          to UTF-16.</p></li>
+**
+** <li><p>  The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
+**          sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
+**          to UTF-8.</p></li>
+** </ul>
+**
+** Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
+** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
+** that the prior pointer points to will have been modified.  Other kinds
+** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometime it is
+** not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.  
+**
+** The safest and easiest to remember policy is to invoke these routines
+** in one of the following ways:
+**
+**  <ul>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
+**  </ul>
+**
+** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(), sqlite3_column_blob(),
+** or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result into the desired
+** format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or sqlite3_column_bytes16() to
+** find the size of the result.  Do not mix call to sqlite3_column_text() or
+** sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes16().  And do not
+** mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16() with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
+**
+** The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
+** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  The memory space used to hold strings
+** and blobs is freed automatically.  Do <b>not</b> pass the pointers returned
+** [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into 
+** [sqlite3_free()].
+**
+** If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
+** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
+** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
+** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
+** [SQLITE_NOMEM].
+*/
+const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
+**
+** The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | compiled SQL statement]. If the statement was
+** executed successfully, or not executed at all, then SQLITE_OK is returned.
+** If execution of the statement failed then an 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | error code] or [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended error code]
+** is returned. 
+**
+** This routine can be called at any point during the execution of the
+** [sqlite3_stmt | virtual machine].  If the virtual machine has not 
+** completed execution when this routine is called, that is like
+** encountering an error or an interrupt.  (See [sqlite3_interrupt()].) 
+** Incomplete updates may be rolled back and transactions cancelled,  
+** depending on the circumstances, and the 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | result code] returned will be [SQLITE_ABORT].
+*/
+int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
+**
+** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a 
+** [sqlite3_stmt | compiled SQL statement] object.
+** back to it's initial state, ready to be re-executed.
+** Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
+** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
+** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
+*/
+int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
+**
+** The following two functions are used to add SQL functions or aggregates
+** or to redefine the behavior of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The
+** difference only between the two is that the second parameter, the
+** name of the (scalar) function or aggregate, is encoded in UTF-8 for
+** sqlite3_create_function() and UTF-16 for sqlite3_create_function16().
+**
+** The first argument is the [sqlite3 | database handle] that holds the
+** SQL function or aggregate is to be added or redefined. If a single
+** program uses more than one database handle internally, then SQL
+** functions or aggregates must be added individually to each database
+** handle with which they will be used.
+**
+** The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created
+** or redefined.
+** The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes, exclusive of the 
+** zero-terminator.  Note that the name length limit is in bytes, not
+** characters.  Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
+** will result in an SQLITE_ERROR error.
+**
+** The third parameter is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
+** aggregate takes. If this parameter is negative, then the SQL function or
+** aggregate may take any number of arguments.
+**
+** The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what 
+** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
+** its parameters.  Any SQL function implementation should be able to work
+** work with UTF-8, UTF-16le, or UTF-16be.  But some implementations may be
+** more efficient with one encoding than another.  It is allowed to
+** invoke sqlite3_create_function() or sqlite3_create_function16() multiple
+** times with the same function but with different values of eTextRep.
+** When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
+** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
+** If there is only a single implementation which does not care what
+** text encoding is used, then the fourth argument should be
+** [SQLITE_ANY].
+**
+** The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation
+** of the function can gain access to this pointer using
+** [sqlite3_user_data()].
+**
+** The seventh, eighth and ninth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
+** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL
+** function or aggregate. A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of
+** the xFunc callback only, NULL pointers should be passed as the xStep
+** and xFinal parameters. An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation
+** of xStep and xFinal and NULL should be passed for xFunc. To delete an
+** existing SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL for all three function
+** callback.
+**
+** It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
+** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
+** arguments or differing perferred text encodings.  SQLite will use
+** the implementation most closely matches the way in which the
+** SQL function is used.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_function(
+  sqlite3 *,
+  const char *zFunctionName,
+  int nArg,
+  int eTextRep,
+  void*,
+  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_function16(
+  sqlite3*,
+  const void *zFunctionName,
+  int nArg,
+  int eTextRep,
+  void*,
+  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
+**
+** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
+** text encodings supported by SQLite.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_UTF8           1
+#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2
+#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3
+#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
+#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* sqlite3_create_function only */
+#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obsolete Functions
+**
+** These functions are all now obsolete.  In order to maintain
+** backwards compatibility with older code, we continue to support
+** these functions.  However, new development projects should avoid
+** the use of these functions.  To help encourage people to avoid
+** using these functions, we are not going to tell you want they do.
+*/
+int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
+int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
+int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
+int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
+void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values
+**
+** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
+** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
+** the function or aggregate.
+**
+** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
+** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
+** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
+** The 4th parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
+** [sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
+** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
+** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
+**
+** These routines work just like the corresponding 
+** [sqlite3_column_blob | sqlite3_column_* routines] except that 
+** these routines take a single [sqlite3_value*] pointer instead
+** of an [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
+**
+** The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF16 string
+** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  The
+** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
+** extract UTF16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
+**
+** The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
+** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
+** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
+** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in order
+** words if the value is original a string that looks like a number)
+** then it is done.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.  The 
+** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.
+**
+** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer that
+** is returned from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
+** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
+** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
+** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].  
+**
+** These routines must be called from the same thread as
+** the SQL function that supplied the sqlite3_value* parameters.
+** Or, if the sqlite3_value* argument comes from the [sqlite3_column_value()]
+** interface, then these routines should be called from the same thread
+** that ran [sqlite3_column_value()].
+*/
+const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
+double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
+const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
+**
+** The implementation of aggregate SQL functions use this routine to allocate
+** a structure for storing their state.  The first time this routine
+** is called for a particular aggregate, a new structure of size nBytes
+** is allocated, zeroed, and returned.  On subsequent calls (for the
+** same aggregate instance) the same buffer is returned.  The implementation
+** of the aggregate can use the returned buffer to accumulate data.
+**
+** The buffer allocated is freed automatically by SQLite whan the aggregate
+** query concludes.
+**
+** The first parameter should be a copy of the 
+** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first
+** parameter to the callback routine that implements the aggregate
+** function.
+**
+** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
+** the aggregate SQL function is running.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
+**
+** The pUserData parameter to the [sqlite3_create_function()]
+** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines
+** used to register user functions is available to
+** the implementation of the function using this call.
+**
+** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
+** the SQL function is running.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
+**
+** The following two functions may be used by scalar SQL functions to
+** associate meta-data with argument values. If the same value is passed to
+** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
+** some circumstances the associated meta-data may be preserved. This may
+** be used, for example, to add a regular-expression matching scalar
+** function. The compiled version of the regular expression is stored as
+** meta-data associated with the SQL value passed as the regular expression
+** pattern.  The compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
+** invocations of the same function so that the original pattern string
+** does not need to be recompiled on each invocation.
+**
+** The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the meta-data
+** associated with the Nth argument value to the current SQL function
+** call, where N is the second parameter. If no meta-data has been set for
+** that value, then a NULL pointer is returned.
+**
+** The sqlite3_set_auxdata() is used to associate meta-data with an SQL
+** function argument. The third parameter is a pointer to the meta-data
+** to be associated with the Nth user function argument value. The fourth
+** parameter specifies a destructor that will be called on the meta-
+** data pointer to release it when it is no longer required. If the 
+** destructor is NULL, it is not invoked.
+**
+** In practice, meta-data is preserved between function calls for
+** expressions that are constant at compile time. This includes literal
+** values and SQL variables.
+**
+** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
+** the SQL function is running.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int);
+void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int, void*, void (*)(void*));
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
+**
+** These are special value for the destructor that is passed in as the
+** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  If the destructor
+** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
+** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  The 
+** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
+** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
+** the content before returning.
+**
+** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
+** C++ compilers.  See ticket #2191.
+*/
+typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
+#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
+#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
+**
+** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
+** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
+** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
+** for additional information.
+**
+** These functions work very much like the 
+** [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*] family of functions used
+** to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
+** Refer to the
+** [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_* documentation] for
+** additional information.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
+** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.  The
+** parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
+** is the text of an error message.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_toobig() cause the function implementation
+** to throw and error indicating that a string or BLOB is to long
+** to represent.
+**
+** These routines must be called from within the same thread as
+** the SQL function associated with the [sqlite3_context] pointer.
+*/
+void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
+void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
+void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
+void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
+**
+** These functions are used to add new collation sequences to the
+** [sqlite3*] handle specified as the first argument. 
+**
+** The name of the new collation sequence is specified as a UTF-8 string
+** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
+** and a UTF-16 string for sqlite3_create_collation16().  In all cases
+** the name is passed as the second function argument.
+**
+** The third argument must be one of the constants [SQLITE_UTF8],
+** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] or [SQLITE_UTF16BE], indicating that the user-supplied
+** routine expects to be passed pointers to strings encoded using UTF-8,
+** UTF-16 little-endian or UTF-16 big-endian respectively.
+**
+** A pointer to the user supplied routine must be passed as the fifth
+** argument. If it is NULL, this is the same as deleting the collation
+** sequence (so that SQLite cannot call it anymore). Each time the user
+** supplied function is invoked, it is passed a copy of the void* passed as
+** the fourth argument to sqlite3_create_collation() or
+** sqlite3_create_collation16() as its first parameter.
+**
+** The remaining arguments to the user-supplied routine are two strings,
+** each represented by a [length, data] pair and encoded in the encoding
+** that was passed as the third argument when the collation sequence was
+** registered. The user routine should return negative, zero or positive if
+** the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second
+** string. i.e. (STRING1 - STRING2).
+**
+** The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
+** excapt that it takes an extra argument which is a destructor for
+** the collation.  The destructor is called when the collation is
+** destroyed and is passed a copy of the fourth parameter void* pointer
+** of the sqlite3_create_collation_v2().  Collations are destroyed when
+** they are overridden by later calls to the collation creation functions
+** or when the [sqlite3*] database handle is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
+**
+** The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() interface is experimental and
+** subject to change in future releases.  The other collation creation
+** functions are stable.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_collation(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
+  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_collation16(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
+**
+** To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
+** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
+** database handle to be called whenever an undefined collation sequence is
+** required.
+**
+** If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
+** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
+** encoded in UTF-8. If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used, the names
+** are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order. A call to either
+** function replaces any existing callback.
+**
+** When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
+** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
+** sqlite3_collation_needed16(). The second argument is the database
+** handle. The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or
+** [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
+** sequence function required. The fourth parameter is the name of the
+** required collation sequence.
+**
+** The callback function should register the desired collation using
+** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
+** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_collation_needed(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void*, 
+  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
+);
+int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void*,
+  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
+);
+
+/*
+** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
+** called right after sqlite3_open().
+**
+** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
+** of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_key(
+  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
+  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
+);
+
+/*
+** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
+** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
+** database is decrypted.
+**
+** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
+** of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_rekey(
+  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
+  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Suspend Execution For A Short Time
+**
+** This function causes the current thread to suspend execution
+** a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
+**
+** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with 
+** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to 
+** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually 
+** requested from the operating system is returned.
+**
+** SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
+** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+*/
+int sqlite3_sleep(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
+**
+** If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
+** the name of a folder (a.ka. directory), then all temporary files
+** created by SQLite will be placed in that directory.  If this variable
+** is NULL pointer, then SQLite does a search for an appropriate temporary
+** file directory.
+**
+** It is not safe to modify this variable once a database connection
+** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
+** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
+** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
+*/
+SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode
+**
+** Test to see whether or not the database connection is in autocommit
+** mode.  Return TRUE if it is and FALSE if not.  Autocommit mode is on
+** by default.  Autocommit is disabled by a BEGIN statement and reenabled
+** by the next COMMIT or ROLLBACK.
+**
+** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
+** transactions (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR], 
+** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
+** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
+** find out if SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
+** an error is to use this function.
+**
+** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
+** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
+** is undefined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Find The Database Handle Associated With A Prepared Statement
+**
+** Return the [sqlite3*] database handle to which a
+** [sqlite3_stmt | prepared statement] belongs.
+** This is the same database handle that was
+** the first argument to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants
+** that was used to create the statement in the first place.
+*/
+sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
+**
+** These routines
+** register callback functions to be invoked whenever a transaction
+** is committed or rolled back.  The pArg argument is passed through
+** to the callback.  If the callback on a commit hook function 
+** returns non-zero, then the commit is converted into a rollback.
+**
+** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value is returned.
+** Otherwise NULL is returned.
+**
+** Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
+**
+** For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been 
+** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
+** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur. The 
+** callback is not invoked if a transaction is automatically rolled
+** back because the database connection is closed.
+**
+** These are experimental interfaces and are subject to change.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
+void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
+**
+** Register a callback function with the database connection identified by the 
+** first argument to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted.
+** Any callback set by a previous call to this function for the same 
+** database connection is overridden.
+**
+** The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a 
+** row is updated, inserted or deleted. The first argument to the callback is
+** a copy of the third argument to sqlite3_update_hook(). The second callback 
+** argument is one of SQLITE_INSERT, SQLITE_DELETE or SQLITE_UPDATE, depending
+** on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked. The third and 
+** fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the database and 
+** table name containing the affected row. The final callback parameter is 
+** the rowid of the row. In the case of an update, this is the rowid after 
+** the update takes place.
+**
+** The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
+** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).
+**
+** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value is returned.
+** Otherwise NULL is returned.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_update_hook(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
+  void*
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
+**
+** This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
+** and schema data structures between connections to the same database.
+** Sharing is enabled if the argument is true and disabled if the argument
+** is false.
+**
+** Beginning in SQLite version 3.5.0, cache sharing is enabled and disabled
+** for an entire process.  In prior versions of SQLite, sharing was
+** enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
+**
+** The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
+** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
+** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode that was
+** in effect at the time they were opened.
+**
+** Virtual tables cannot be used with a shared cache.  When shared
+** cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()] API used to register
+** virtual tables will always return an error.
+**
+** This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was
+** enabled or disabled successfully.  An [SQLITE_ERROR | error code]
+** is returned otherwise.
+**
+** Shared cache is disabled by default.  But this might change in
+** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
+** cache setting should set it explicitly.
+*/
+int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Attempt To Free Heap Memory
+**
+** Attempt to free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential
+** memory allocations held by the database library (example: memory 
+** used to cache database pages to improve performance).
+*/
+int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Impose A Limit On Heap Size
+**
+** Place a "soft" limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
+** by SQLite.  If an internal allocation is requested 
+** that would exceed the specified limit, [sqlite3_release_memory()] is
+** invoked one or more times to free up some space before the allocation
+** is made.
+**
+** The limit is called "soft", because if [sqlite3_release_memory()] cannot
+** free sufficient memory to prevent the limit from being exceeded,
+** the memory is allocated anyway and the current operation proceeds.
+**
+** A negative or zero value for N means that there is no soft heap limit and
+** [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be called when memory is exhausted.
+** The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
+**
+** SQLite makes a best effort to honor the soft heap limit.  But if it
+** is unable to reduce memory usage below the soft limit, execution will
+** continue without error or notification.  This is why the limit is 
+** called a "soft" limit.  It is advisory only.
+**
+** The soft heap limit is implemented using the [sqlite3_memory_alarm()]
+** interface.  Only a single memory alarm is available in the default
+** implementation.  This means that if the application also uses the
+** memory alarm interface it will interfere with the operation of the
+** soft heap limit and undefined behavior will result.  
+**
+** Prior to SQLite version 3.5.0, this routine only constrained the memory
+** allocated by a single thread - the same thread in which this routine
+** runs.  Beginning with SQLite version 3.5.0, the soft heap limit is
+** applied to all threads.  The value specified for the soft heap limit
+** is an upper bound on the total memory allocation for all threads.  In
+** version 3.5.0 there is no mechanism for limiting the heap usage for
+** individual threads.
+*/
+void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
+**
+** This routine
+** returns meta-data about a specific column of a specific database
+** table accessible using the connection handle passed as the first function 
+** argument.
+**
+** The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to 
+** this function. The second parameter is either the name of the database
+** (i.e. "main", "temp" or an attached database) containing the specified
+** table or NULL. If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
+** for the table using the same algorithm as the database engine uses to 
+** resolve unqualified table references.
+**
+** The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column 
+** name of the desired column, respectively. Neither of these parameters 
+** may be NULL.
+**
+** Meta information is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as
+** the 5th and subsequent parameters to this function. Any of these 
+** arguments may be NULL, in which case the corresponding element of meta 
+** information is ommitted.
+**
+** <pre>
+** Parameter     Output Type      Description
+** -----------------------------------
+**
+**   5th         const char*      Data type
+**   6th         const char*      Name of the default collation sequence 
+**   7th         int              True if the column has a NOT NULL constraint
+**   8th         int              True if the column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
+**   9th         int              True if the column is AUTOINCREMENT
+** </pre>
+**
+**
+** The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the 
+** declaration type and collation sequence is valid only until the next 
+** call to any sqlite API function.
+**
+** If the specified table is actually a view, then an error is returned.
+**
+** If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and an 
+** INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column has been explicitly declared, then the output 
+** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. If there is no
+** explicitly declared IPK column, then the output parameters are set as 
+** follows:
+**
+** <pre>
+**     data type: "INTEGER"
+**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
+**     not null: 0
+**     primary key: 1
+**     auto increment: 0
+** </pre>
+**
+** This function may load one or more schemas from database files. If an
+** error occurs during this process, or if the requested table or column
+** cannot be found, an SQLITE error code is returned and an error message
+** left in the database handle (to be retrieved using sqlite3_errmsg()).
+**
+** This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
+** SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA preprocessor symbol defined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
+  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
+  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
+  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
+  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
+  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
+  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
+  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
+  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
+**
+** Attempt to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
+** zFile.  The entry point is zProc.  zProc may be 0 in which case the
+** name of the entry point defaults to "sqlite3_extension_init".
+**
+** Return [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
+**
+** If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then fill *pzErrMsg with 
+** error message text.  The calling function should free this memory
+** by calling [sqlite3_free()].
+**
+** Extension loading must be enabled using [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()]
+** prior to calling this API or an error will be returned.
+*/
+int sqlite3_load_extension(
+  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
+  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
+  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
+  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
+**
+** So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
+** unprepared to deal with extension loading, and as a means of disabling
+** extension loading while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following
+** API is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and
+** off.  It is off by default.  See ticket #1863.
+**
+** Call this routine with onoff==1 to turn extension loading on
+** and call it with onoff==0 to turn it back off again.
+*/
+int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Make Arrangements To Automatically Load An Extension
+**
+** Register an extension entry point that is automatically invoked
+** whenever a new database connection is opened using
+** [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
+**
+** This API can be invoked at program startup in order to register
+** one or more statically linked extensions that will be available
+** to all new database connections.
+**
+** Duplicate extensions are detected so calling this routine multiple
+** times with the same extension is harmless.
+**
+** This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array
+** that is obtained from malloc().  If you run a memory leak
+** checker on your program and it reports a leak because of this
+** array, then invoke [sqlite3_automatic_extension_reset()] prior
+** to shutdown to free the memory.
+**
+** Automatic extensions apply across all threads.
+**
+** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
+** removal in future releases of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_auto_extension(void *xEntryPoint);
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
+**
+** Disable all previously registered automatic extensions.  This
+** routine undoes the effect of all prior [sqlite3_automatic_extension()]
+** calls.
+**
+** This call disabled automatic extensions in all threads.
+**
+** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
+** removal in future releases of SQLite.
+*/
+void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
+
+
+/*
+****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
+**
+** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
+** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
+** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
+**
+** When the virtual-table mechanism stablizes, we will declare the
+** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Structures used by the virtual table interface
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
+typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
+typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
+typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
+
+/*
+** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
+** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
+** mostly of methods for the module.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_module {
+  int iVersion;
+  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
+               int argc, const char *const*argv,
+               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
+  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
+               int argc, const char *const*argv,
+               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
+  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
+  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
+  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
+  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
+  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
+  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
+  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
+                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+                       void **ppArg);
+
+  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
+};
+
+/*
+** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
+** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
+** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
+** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
+** results into the **Outputs** fields.
+**
+** The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the
+** form:
+**
+**         column OP expr
+**
+** Where OP is =, <, <=, >, or >=.  The particular operator is stored
+** in aConstraint[].op.  The index of the column is stored in 
+** aConstraint[].iColumn.  aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
+** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
+** is usable) and false if it cannot.
+**
+** The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
+** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
+** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
+** The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms in the correct
+** form that refer to the particular virtual table being queried.
+**
+** Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
+** Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
+**
+** The xBestIndex method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
+** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  If argvIndex>0 then
+** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
+** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  If aConstraintUsage[].omit
+** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
+** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.
+**
+** The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into xFilter.
+** sqlite3_free() is used to free idxPtr if needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
+**
+** The orderByConsumed means that output from xFilter will occur in
+** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
+** sorting step is required.
+**
+** The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of doing the
+** particular lookup.  A full scan of a table with N entries should have
+** a cost of N.  A binary search of a table of N entries should have a
+** cost of approximately log(N).
+*/
+struct sqlite3_index_info {
+  /* Inputs */
+  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
+  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
+     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
+     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
+     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
+     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
+  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
+  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
+  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
+     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
+     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
+  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
+
+  /* Outputs */
+  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
+    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
+    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
+  } *aConstraintUsage;
+  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
+  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
+  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
+  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
+  double estimatedCost;      /* Estimated cost of using this index */
+};
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ    2
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64
+
+/*
+** This routine is used to register a new module name with an SQLite
+** connection.  Module names must be registered before creating new
+** virtual tables on the module, or before using preexisting virtual
+** tables of the module.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_module(
+  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
+  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
+  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
+  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
+);
+
+/*
+** This routine is identical to the sqlite3_create_module() method above,
+** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
+** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
+  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
+  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
+  void *,                    /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
+  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
+);
+
+/*
+** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
+** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
+** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.   The
+** purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are common
+** to all module implementations.
+**
+** Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
+** string obtained from sqlite3_mprintf() to zErrMsg.  The method should
+** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to sqlite3_free()
+** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  After the error message
+** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
+** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.  Note
+** that sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_free() are used on the zErrMsg field
+** since virtual tables are commonly implemented in loadable extensions which
+** do not have access to sqlite3MPrintf() or sqlite3Free().
+*/
+struct sqlite3_vtab {
+  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
+  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
+  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
+  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
+};
+
+/* Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
+** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
+** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
+** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
+** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
+**
+** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
+** are common to all implementations.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
+  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
+};
+
+/*
+** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
+** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
+** the virtual tables they implement.
+*/
+int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);
+
+/*
+** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
+** using the xFindFunction method.  But global versions of those functions
+** must exist in order to be overloaded.
+**
+** This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
+** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
+** before this API is called, a new function is created.  The implementation
+** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
+** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
+** purpose is to be a place-holder function that can be overloaded
+** by virtual tables.
+**
+** This API should be considered part of the virtual table interface,
+** which is experimental and subject to change.
+*/
+int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
+
+/*
+** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
+** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
+** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
+** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
+**
+** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
+** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
+**
+****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
+*/
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
+**
+** An instance of the following opaque structure is used to 
+** represent an blob-handle.  A blob-handle is created by
+** [sqlite3_blob_open()] and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
+** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
+** can be used to read or write small subsections of the blob.
+** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the
+** blob in bytes.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
+**
+** Open a handle to the blob located in row iRow,, column zColumn, 
+** table zTable in database zDb. i.e. the same blob that would
+** be selected by:
+**
+** <pre>
+**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
+** </pre>
+**
+** If the flags parameter is non-zero, the blob is opened for 
+** read and write access. If it is zero, the blob is opened for read 
+** access.
+**
+** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob handle] is written to *ppBlob.
+** Otherwise an error code is returned and 
+** any value written to *ppBlob should not be used by the caller.
+** This function sets the database-handle error code and message
+** accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_open(
+  sqlite3*,
+  const char *zDb,
+  const char *zTable,
+  const char *zColumn,
+  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
+  int flags,
+  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Close A BLOB Handle
+**
+** Close an open [sqlite3_blob | blob handle].
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
+**
+** Return the size in bytes of the blob accessible via the open 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] passed as an argument.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
+**
+** This function is used to read data from an open 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] into a caller supplied buffer.
+** n bytes of data are copied into buffer
+** z from the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
+**
+** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | SQLite error code] or an
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended error code] is returned.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *z, int n, int iOffset);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
+**
+** This function is used to write data into an open 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] from a user supplied buffer.
+** n bytes of data are copied from the buffer
+** pointed to by z into the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
+**
+** If the [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] passed as the first argument
+** was not opened for writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()]
+*** was zero), this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
+**
+** This function may only modify the contents of the blob, it is
+** not possible to increase the size of a blob using this API. If
+** offset iOffset is less than n bytes from the end of the blob, 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
+**
+** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR | SQLite error code] or an
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended error code] is returned.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Virtual File System Objects
+**
+** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
+** that SQLite uses to interact
+** with the underlying operating system.  Most builds come with a
+** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
+** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
+** The following interfaces are provided.
+**
+** The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its
+** name.  Names are case sensitive.  If there is no match, a NULL
+** pointer is returned.  If zVfsName is NULL then the default 
+** VFS is returned.
+**
+** New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().  Each
+** new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
+** The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
+** To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
+** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
+** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
+** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
+** then the behavior is undefined.
+** 
+** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
+** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
+** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
+*/
+sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
+int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
+int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
+**
+** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
+** synchronization.  Though they are intended for internal
+** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
+** permitted to use any of these routines.
+**
+** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations 
+** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
+** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
+** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
+** </ul>
+**
+** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines 
+** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in 
+** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2,
+** SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD, and SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations
+** are appropriate for use on os/2, unix, and windows.
+** 
+** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
+** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
+** implementation is included with the library.  The
+** mutex interface routines defined here become external
+** references in the SQLite library for which implementations
+** must be provided by the application.  This facility allows an
+** application that links against SQLite to provide its own mutex
+** implementation without having to modify the SQLite core.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
+** mutex and returns a pointer to it.  If it returns NULL
+** that means that a mutex could not be allocated.  SQLite
+** will unwind its stack and return an error.  The argument
+** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
+** </ul>
+**
+** The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
+** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
+** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
+** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
+** not want to.  But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
+** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
+** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
+** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
+**
+** The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
+** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  Four static mutexes are
+** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
+** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
+** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
+** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
+** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
+**
+** Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
+** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
+** returns a different mutex on every call.  But for the static 
+** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
+** the same type number.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
+** allocated dynamic mutex.  SQLite is careful to deallocate every
+** dynamic mutex that it allocates.  The dynamic mutexes must not be in 
+** use when they are deallocated.  Attempting to deallocate a static
+** mutex results in undefined behavior.  SQLite never deallocates
+** a static mutex.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
+** to enter a mutex.  If another thread is already within the mutex,
+** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
+** SQLITE_BUSY.  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns SQLITE_OK
+** upon successful entry.  Mutexes created using SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can
+** be entered multiple times by the same thread.  In such cases the,
+** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
+** can enter.  If the same thread tries to enter any other kind of mutex
+** more than once, the behavior is undefined.   SQLite will never exhibit
+** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
+**
+** Some systems (ex: windows95) do not the operation implemented by
+** sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try() will
+** always return SQLITE_BUSY.  The SQLite core only ever uses
+** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
+** previously entered by the same thread.  The behavior
+** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
+** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  SQLite will
+** never do either.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
+*/
+sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
+void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
+void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
+int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
+void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verifcation Routines
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
+** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
+** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
+** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The core only
+** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
+** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
+** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
+** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
+**
+** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
+** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
+**
+** The implementation is not required to provided versions of these
+** routines that actually work.
+** If the implementation does not provide working
+** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs
+** that always return true so that one does not get spurious
+** assertion failures.
+**
+** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
+** the routine should return 1.  This seems counter-intuitive since
+** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
+** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
+** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
+** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
+** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld() 
+** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
+*/
+int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
+int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
+**
+** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
+** which is one of these integer constants.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* sqlite3_release_memory() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
+**
+** The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
+** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
+** with a particular database identified by the second argument.  The
+** name of the database is the name assigned to the database by the
+** <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a> SQL command that opened the
+** database.  To control the main database file, use the name "main"
+** or a NULL pointer.  The third and fourth parameters to this routine
+** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
+** the xFileControl method.  The return value of the xFileControl
+** method becomes the return value of this routine.
+**
+** If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
+** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  This error
+** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
+** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
+** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
+** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
+** xFileControl method.
+**
+** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
+*/
+int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
+
+/*
+** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
+** builds on processors without floating point support.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+# undef double
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
+#endif
+#endif