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author | dan miller | 2007-10-19 05:20:07 +0000 |
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committer | dan miller | 2007-10-19 05:20:07 +0000 |
commit | fca74b0bf0a0833f5701e9c0de7b3bc15b2233dd (patch) | |
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1 | Dynamics Library. | ||
2 | ================= | ||
3 | |||
4 | CONVENTIONS | ||
5 | ----------- | ||
6 | |||
7 | matrix storage | ||
8 | -------------- | ||
9 | |||
10 | matrix operations like factorization are expensive, so we must store the data | ||
11 | in a way that is most useful to the matrix code. we want the ability to update | ||
12 | the dynamics library without recompiling applications, e.g. so users can take | ||
13 | advantage of new floating point hardware. so we must settle on a single | ||
14 | format. because of the prevalence of 4-way SIMD, the format is this: store | ||
15 | the matrix by rows or columns, and each column is rounded up to a multiple of | ||
16 | 4 elements. the extra "padding" elements at the end of each row/column are set | ||
17 | to 0. this is called the "standard format". to indicate if the data is stored | ||
18 | by rows or columns, we will say "standard row format" or "standard column | ||
19 | format". hopefully this decision will remain good in the future, as more and | ||
20 | more processors have 4-way SIMD, and 3D graphics always needs fast 4x4 | ||
21 | matrices. | ||
22 | |||
23 | exception: matrices that have only one column or row (vectors), are always | ||
24 | stored as consecutive elements in standard row format, i.e. there is no | ||
25 | interior padding, only padding at the end. | ||
26 | |||
27 | thus: all 3x1 floating point vectors are stored as 4x1 vectors: (x,x,x,0). | ||
28 | also: all 6x1 spatial velocities and accelerations are split into 3x1 position | ||
29 | and angular components, which are stored as contiguous 4x1 vectors. | ||
30 | |||
31 | ALL matrices are stored by in standard row format. | ||
32 | |||
33 | |||
34 | arguments | ||
35 | --------- | ||
36 | |||
37 | 3x1 vector arguments to set() functions are supplied as x,y,z. | ||
38 | 3x1 vector result arguments to get() function are pointers to arrays. | ||
39 | larger vectors are always supplied and returned as pointers. | ||
40 | all coordinates are in the global frame except where otherwise specified. | ||
41 | output-only arguments are usually supplied at the end. | ||
42 | |||
43 | |||
44 | memory allocation | ||
45 | ----------------- | ||
46 | |||
47 | with many C/C++ libraries memory allocation is a difficult problem to solve. | ||
48 | who allocates the memory? who frees it? must objects go on the heap or can | ||
49 | they go on the stack or in static storage? to provide the maximum flexibility, | ||
50 | the dynamics and collision libraries do not do their own memory allocation. | ||
51 | you must pass in pointers to externally allocated chunks of the right sizes. | ||
52 | the body, joint and colllision object structures are all exported, so you | ||
53 | can make instances of those structure and pass pointers to them. | ||
54 | |||
55 | there are helper functions which allocate objects out of areans, in case you | ||
56 | need loots of dynamic creation and deletion. | ||
57 | |||
58 | BUT!!! this ties us down to the body/joint/collision representation. | ||
59 | |||
60 | a better approach is to supply custom memory allocation functions | ||
61 | (e.g. dlAlloc() etc). | ||
62 | |||
63 | |||
64 | C versus C++ ... ? | ||
65 | ------------------ | ||
66 | |||
67 | everything should be C linkable, and there should be C header files for | ||
68 | everything. but we want to develop in C++. so do this: | ||
69 | * all comments are "//". automatically convert to /**/ for distribution. | ||
70 | * structures derived from other structures --> automatically convert? | ||
71 | |||
72 | |||
73 | WORLDS | ||
74 | ------ | ||
75 | |||
76 | might want better terminology here. | ||
77 | |||
78 | the dynamics world (DWorld) is a list of systems. each system corresponds to | ||
79 | one or more bodies, or perhaps some other kinds of physical object. | ||
80 | each system corresponds to one or more objects in the collision world | ||
81 | (there does not have to be a one-to-one correspondence between bodies and | ||
82 | collision objects). | ||
83 | |||
84 | systems are simulated separately, perhaps using completely different | ||
85 | techniques. we must do something special when systems collide. | ||
86 | systems collide when collision objects belonging to system A touch | ||
87 | collision objects belonging to system B. | ||
88 | |||
89 | for each collision point, the system must provide matrix equation data | ||
90 | that is used to compute collision forces. once those forces are computed, | ||
91 | the system must incorporate the forces into its timestep. | ||
92 | PROBLEM: what if we intertwine the LCP problems of the two systems - then | ||
93 | this simple approach wont work. | ||
94 | |||
95 | the dynamics world contains two kinds of objects: bodies and joints. | ||
96 | joints connect two bodies together. | ||
97 | |||
98 | the world contains one of more partitions. each partition is a collection of | ||
99 | bodies and joints such that each body is attached (through one or more joints) | ||
100 | to every other body. | ||
101 | |||
102 | Joints | ||
103 | ------ | ||
104 | |||
105 | a joint can be connected to one or two bodies. | ||
106 | if the joint is only connected to one body, joint.node[1].body == 0. | ||
107 | joint.node[0].body is always valid. | ||
108 | |||
109 | |||
110 | Linkage | ||
111 | ------- | ||
112 | |||
113 | this library will always be statically linked with the app, for these reasons: | ||
114 | * collision space is selected at compile time, it adds data to the geom | ||
115 | objects. | ||
116 | |||
117 | |||
118 | Optimization | ||
119 | ------------ | ||
120 | |||
121 | doubles must be aligned on 8 byte boundaries! | ||
122 | |||
123 | |||
124 | MinGW on Windows issues | ||
125 | ----------------------- | ||
126 | |||
127 | * the .rc file for drawstuff needs a different include, try winresrc.h. | ||
128 | |||
129 | * it seems we can't have both main() and WinMain() without the entry point | ||
130 | defaulting to main() and having resource loading problems. this screws up | ||
131 | what i was trying to do in the drawstuff library. perhaps main2() ? | ||
132 | |||
133 | * remember to compile resources to COFF format RES files. | ||
134 | |||
135 | |||
136 | |||
137 | Collision | ||
138 | --------- | ||
139 | |||
140 | to plug in your own collision handling, replace (some of?) these functions | ||
141 | with your own. collision should be a separate library that you can link in | ||
142 | or not. your own library can call components in this collision library, e.g. | ||
143 | if you want polymorphic spaces instead of a single statically called space. | ||
144 | |||
145 | creating an object will automatically register the appropriate | ||
146 | class (if necessary). how can we ensure that the minimum amount of code is | ||
147 | linked in? e.g. only one space handler, and sphere-sphere and sphere-box and | ||
148 | box-box collision code (if spheres and boxes instanced). | ||
149 | |||
150 | the user creates a collision space, and for each dynamics object that is | ||
151 | created a collision object is inserted into the space. the collision | ||
152 | object's pos and R pointers are set to the corresponding dynamics | ||
153 | variables. | ||
154 | |||
155 | there should be utility functions which create the dynamics and collision | ||
156 | objects at the same time, e.g. dMakeSphere(). | ||
157 | |||
158 | collision objects and dynamics objects keep pointers to each other. | ||