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+#!/usr/bin/env luajit
+
+--[[
+This is part of the JackOnAllDevices project, JOAD for short.
+
+The purpose is to scan for all ALSA / asound audio devices, and hook them
+all up to JACK.  Then it starts up JACK, and hooks up any joysticks it
+finds as MIDI controllers.
+
+
+Alas ~/.asoundrc doesn't understand ~ or $HOME, or even "try the current
+directory" it seems.  So you have to hard cade the path.  Make sure your
+~/.asoundrc or /etc/asoundrc includes something like this -
+
+</var/lib/JOAD/asoundrc>
+
+
+Run this once as root to create that file, and each time you need to
+change your devices.
+
+
+TODO - Leave it running, and hotplug ALSA / asound audio devices. 
+        a2jmidid takes care of hotplugging MIDI devices.
+        Though I think I still need to deal with hotplugged joysticks.
+
+NOTE - Seems both ALSA and JACK are per user.
+
+]]
+
+
+-- CHANGE these to suit.
+local asoundrcPath = '/var/lib/JOAD'
+local asoundrc = 'asoundrc'
+
+
+
+-- This APT stuff was copied from apt-panopticon.
+local APT = {}
+
+APT.readCmd = function(cmd)
+    local result = {}
+    local output = io.popen(cmd)
+    if nil ~= output then
+        for l in output:lines() do
+            table.insert(result, l)
+        end
+    end
+    return result
+end
+
+
+APT.exe = function(c)
+    local exe = {status = 0, result = '', lines = {}, log = true, cmd = c .. ' ', command = c}
+
+    function exe:log()
+        self.log = true
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:Nice(c)
+        if nil == c then
+            self.cmd = 'ionice -c3 nice -n 19 ' .. self.cmd
+        else
+            self.cmd = self.cmd .. 'ionice -c3 nice -n 19 ' .. c .. ' '
+        end
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:timeout(c)
+        -- timeout returns a status of - command status if --preserve-status; "128+9" (actually 137) if --kill-after ends up being done; 124 if it had to TERM; command status if all went well.
+        -- --kill-after means "send KILL after TERM fails.
+        if nil == c then
+            self.cmd = 'timeout --kill-after=10.0 --foreground 42.0s ' .. self.cmd
+        else
+            self.cmd = 'timeout --kill-after=10.0 --foreground ' .. c .. ' ' .. self.cmd
+        end
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:also(c)
+        if nil == c then c = '' else c = ' ' .. c end
+        self.cmd = self.cmd .. ';' .. c .. ' '
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:And(c)
+        if nil == c then c = '' else c = ' ' .. c end
+        self.cmd = self.cmd .. '&&' .. c .. ' '
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:Or(c)
+        if nil == c then c = '' end
+        self.cmd = self.cmd .. '|| ' .. c .. ' '
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:noErr()
+        self.cmd = self.cmd .. '2>/dev/null '
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:wait(w)
+        self.cmd = self.cmd .. '&& touch ' .. w .. ' '
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:Do()
+    --[[    "The condition expression of a control structure can return any
+            value. Both false and nil are considered false. All values different
+            from nil and false are considered true (in particular, the number 0
+            and the empty string are also true)."
+        says the docs, I beg to differ.]]
+        if true == self.log then D("  executing - &nbsp; <code>" .. self.cmd .. "</code>") end
+        --[[ Damn os.execute()
+            Lua 5.1 says it returns "a status code, which is system-dependent"
+            Lua 5.2 says it returns true/nil, "exit"/"signal", the status code.
+            I'm getting 7168 or 0.  No idea what the fuck that is.
+        local ok, rslt, status = os.execute(s)
+        ]]
+        local f = APT.readCmd(self.cmd, 'r')
+        -- The last line will be the command's returned status, collect everything else in result.
+        self.status = ''        -- Otherwise the result starts with 0.
+        self.result = '\n'
+        self.lines = f
+        for i,l in ipairs(f) do
+            self.result = self.result .. l .. "\n"
+        end
+        f = APT.readCmd('echo "$?"', 'r')
+        for i,l in ipairs(f) do
+            self.status = tonumber(l)
+            if (137 == self.status) or (124 == self.status) then
+                print("timeout killed " .. self.status .. ' ' .. self.command)
+                E("timeout killed " .. self.status .. ' ' .. self.command)
+            elseif (0 ~= self.status) then
+                print("status |" .. self.status .. '| ' .. self.command)
+                E("status |" .. self.status .. '| ' .. self.command)
+            end
+        end
+        return self
+    end
+    function exe:fork(host)
+        if nil ~= host then self.cmd = self.cmd .. ';  r=$?; if [ $r -ge 124 ]; then echo "$r ' .. host .. ' failed forked command ' .. string.gsub(self.cmd, '"', "'") .. '"; fi' end
+        self.cmd = '{ ' .. self.cmd .. '; } &'
+        if true == self.log then D("  forking - &nbsp; <code>" .. self.cmd .. "</code>") end
+        os.execute(self.cmd)
+        return self
+    end
+    return exe
+end
+
+
+
+local Cards = {}
+
+print('Scanning for audio devices.')
+local cards = APT.exe('ls -d1 /proc/asound/card[0-9]*'):noErr():Do()
+for  i,l in ipairs(cards.lines) do
+    local f, e = io.open(l .. '/id', "r")
+    if nil == f then print("Could not open " .. l .. '/id') else
+        Cards[l] = {path = l, name = f:read("*a"):sub(1, -2), devs = {}, captureDevs = {}, playbackDevs = {}}
+        if "Loopback" ~= Cards[l]['name'] then
+            Cards[l]['capture'] = APT.exe('ls -d1 ' .. l .. '/pcm[0-9]*c*'):noErr():Do()
+            for  j,c in ipairs(Cards[l]['capture'].lines) do
+                local n = c:match(".*pcm(%d+).*")
+                Cards[l]['captureDevs'][j] = n
+                Cards[l]['devs'][n] = n
+                print("\tFound capture device: " .. Cards[l]['name'] .. "\tDEVICE: " .. Cards[l]['captureDevs'][j] .. ' ' .. n)
+            end
+            Cards[l]['playback'] = APT.exe('ls -d1 ' .. l .. '/pcm[0-9]*p*'):noErr():Do()
+            for  j,p in ipairs(Cards[l]['playback'].lines) do
+                local n = p:match(".*pcm(%d+).*")
+                Cards[l]['playbackDevs'][j] = n
+                Cards[l]['devs'][n] = n
+                print("\tFound playback device: " .. Cards[l]['name'] .. "\tDEVICE: " .. Cards[l]['playbackDevs'][j] .. ' ' .. n)
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+APT.exe('mkdir -p ' .. asoundrcPath):Do()
+local a, e = io.open(asoundrcPath .. '/' .. asoundrc, "w")
+if nil == a then print("Could not open " .. asoundrcPath .. '/' .. asoundrc) else
+    for  i,C in pairs(Cards) do
+        for  j,c in pairs(C['devs']) do
+            a:write("pcm." .. C['name'] .. j .. " {\n")
+            a:write("   type hw\n")
+            a:write("   card " .. C['name'] .. "\n")
+            a:write("   device " .. C['devs'][j] .. "\n")
+            a:write("}\n")
+            a:write("ctl." .. C['name'] .. j .. " {\n")
+            a:write("   type hw\n")
+            a:write("   card " .. C['name'] .. "\n")
+            a:write("   device " .. C['devs'][j] .. "\n")
+            a:write("}\n\n")
+        end
+    end
+    a:write([[
+#################################################################################################################################
+
+# The complex way - https://alsa.opensrc.org/Jack_and_Loopback_device_as_Alsa-to-Jack_bridge
+
+# More custom version, but it didn't work for me.
+# hardware 0,0 : used for ALSA playback
+#pcm.loophw00 {
+#  type hw
+#  card Loopback
+#  device 0
+#  subdevice 0
+#  format S32_LE
+#  rate 48000
+#}
+
+# playback PCM device: using loopback subdevice 0,0
+# Don't use a buffer size that is too small. Some apps 
+# won't like it and it will sound crappy 
+
+#pcm.amix {
+#  type dmix
+#  ipc_key 219345
+#  slave {
+#    pcm loophw00
+##    period_size 4096
+##    periods 2
+#  }
+#}
+
+# software volume
+#pcm.asoftvol {
+#  type softvol
+#  slave.pcm "amix"
+
+#  control { name PCM }
+
+#  min_dB -51.0
+#  max_dB   0.0
+#}
+
+
+# for jack alsa_in: looped-back signal at other ends
+#pcm.cloop {
+#  type hw
+#  card Loopback
+#  device 1
+#  subdevice 0
+#  format S32_LE
+#  rate 48000
+#}
+
+# hardware 0,1 : used for ALSA capture
+#pcm.loophw01 {
+#  type hw
+#  card Loopback
+#  device 0
+#  subdevice 1
+#  format S32_LE
+#  rate 48000
+#}
+
+# for jack alsa_out: looped-back signal at other end
+#pcm.ploop {
+#  type hw
+#  card Loopback
+#  device 1
+#  subdevice 1
+#  format S32_LE
+#  rate 48000
+#}
+
+# duplex device combining our PCM devices defined above
+#pcm.aduplex {
+#  type asym
+#  playback.pcm "asoftvol"
+#  capture.pcm "loophw01"
+#}
+
+# default device
+#pcm.!default {
+#  type plug
+#  slave.pcm aduplex
+
+#  hint {
+#       show on
+#       description "Duplex Loopback"
+#  }
+#}
+
+
+
+# Generic method seems to work better.
+# playback PCM device: using loopback subdevice 0,0
+pcm.amix {
+  type dmix
+  ipc_key 219345
+  slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,0,0"
+}
+
+# capture PCM device: using loopback subdevice 0,1
+pcm.asnoop {
+  type dsnoop
+  ipc_key 219346
+  slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,0,1"
+}
+
+# duplex device combining our PCM devices defined above
+pcm.aduplex {
+  type asym
+  playback.pcm "amix"
+  capture.pcm "asnoop"
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------
+# for jack alsa_in and alsa_out: looped-back signal at other ends
+pcm.ploop {
+  type plug
+  slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,1,1"
+}
+
+pcm.cloop {
+  type dsnoop
+  ipc_key 219348
+  slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,1,0"
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------
+# default device
+
+pcm.!default {
+  type plug
+  slave.pcm "aduplex"
+}
+        ]])
+a:close()
+end